Abstract
This chapter discusses catalytic properties of hydrotalcite-type anionic clays. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) [or hydrotalcite-type (HT) anionic clays] are natural or synthetic mixed hydroxides with interlayer spaces containing exchangeable anions, relatively simple and cheap to synthesize on both laboratory and industrial scales. LDHs can be considered promising materials for a large number of possible applications because of their high versatility, low cost, easily manipulated properties, wide range of composition and/or preparation variables, which make it possible to produce tailor-made materials to fulfil specific requirements. Mg/A1 mixed oxides offer the possibility of replacing liquid bases, which pose severe environmental problems, with environmentally friendly solid catalysts that can be easily separated and recycled. Hydrogenation is one of the most useful, versatile, and environmentally suitable reaction routes for many organic syntheses (fine chemicals, intermediates, petrochemical industry, etc.) and for the treating of petrochemical feeds.
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