Abstract
Several (V,P)O catalysts (with atomic ratio P V from 0.93 to 1.28) for oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride were examined by means of bulk (XRD and EXAFS) and surface (XPS) techniques in relation to their activity. A correlation was observed between the onset of the oxidation of vanadium in dried catalysts upon calcination and the value of the surface P V ratio. The specific conversion increases by an order of magnitude for a P V ratio just exceeding unity. The slight excess of phosphorus with respect to 1:1 stoichiometry stands in relation to a delay in oxidation rate of V(IV). EXAFS results suggest that excess phosphorus does not induce structural effects.
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