Catalytic methane decomposition on CNT-supported Fe-catalysts

Abstract

Methane, either as natural gas or as a resource obtained from various bioprocesses (e.g., digestion, landfill) can be converted to carbon and hydrogen according to.CH4(g)→C(s)+2H2(g)ΔH298K=74.8kJ/mol.Previous research has stressed the growing importance of substituting the high-temperature Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) by a moderate temperature Catalytic Methane Decomposition (CMD). The carbon formed is moreover of nanotube nature, in high industrial demand.To avoid the use of an inert support for the active catalyst species, e.g., Al2O3 for Fe, leading to a progressive contamination of the catalyst by support debris and coking of the catalyst, the present research investigates the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as Fe-support.Average CH4 conversions of 75–85% are obtained at 700 °C for a continuous operation of 40 h. The produced CNT from the methane conversion can be continuously removed from the catalyst bed by carry-over due to its bulk density difference (∼120 kg/m3) with the catalyst itself (∼1500 kg/m3). CNT properties are fully specified. No thermal regeneration of the catalyst is required.A tentative process layout and economic analysis demonstrate the scalability of the process and the very competitive production costs of H2 and CNT.