Catalytic Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide over Magnetic Nanoparticles: Modification in Fixed-Bed Reactor

Zaffar Iqbal,Muhammad Zia,Idrees Khan,Saima Sadiq,Muhammad Sadiq,Mehnaz Bibi,Inam Ullah,Khalid Saeed,Rasheed Ullah,Zahoor Iqbal,Shahbaz Ahmad

doi:10.3390/catal11050592

Abstract

A specific finger-projected fixed-bed reactor (FPFBR) was designed to efficiently utilize magnetic nanoparticles (MnFe2O4/Bi-MnFe2O4) for a model reaction (hydrogenation of a greenhouse gas, CO2, to valuable products: VPs). Coprecipitation method, with desired modification was used for the preparation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with controlled shape and size. Eighteen fingers in a single chamber were designed in the fixed-bed reactor’s skeleton; each finger worked as an independent reaction core. Controlled flow of hydrogen and CO2 was continuously provided to preheated reaction cores (catalyst beds) from saturator. One of the major products methanol {(%: Conv, 22/Sel 61)} among VPs was identified and quantified by GC. The efficiency of self-designed reactor was 74% for the direct catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to valuable organic products.

Highlights

Global efforts are required to mitigate the increased concentration of atmospheric CO2, a greenhouse gas [1]
Fixed-bed reactors have a great applicability in the direct hydrogenation of CO2 to VPs [13]
Several fixed-bed reactors have been investigated for CO2 hydrogenation to VPs over a variety of metals and supported metals catalysts (Cu/ZnO/Al2 O3, CuOFe2 O3 -CeO2 /HZSM-5) under a range of working conditions [12,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27]

Summary

Introduction

Global efforts are required to mitigate the increased concentration of atmospheric CO2 , a greenhouse gas [1]. Accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere due to fossil fuel combustion contributes a foremost part to the global warming. Methanol is one of the valuable products for which CO2 can be used as a precursor [10]. For mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, CO2 reduction to various fuels and valuable chemical products has been suggested by many researchers [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]

Methods

Results

Conclusion