Abstract
A novel valorization pathway for steam-exploded corn stalk conversion to long-chain ethers was proposed in the work. The procedure enabled the transformation of multifunctional components in catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) vapors using Fe-Ce mixed oxides into carbonyl compounds (ketones, aldehydes and furans with carbonyl group) suitable for preparing long-chain oxygenated fuels in a fluidized-bed/fixed-bed consolidation reactor. A series of Fe-Ce bimetallic oxides were explored and the results indicated that the catalyst with 0.3 of molar ratio of Fe to Ce (Fe/Ce(0.3)) showed highly active in converting levoglucosan and acetic acid into linear and cyclic ketones. Moreover, the conversion rate of acetic acid and levoglucosan in pyrolytic vapors was close to 100% and 90.07%, respectively. The carbon yield of carbonyl compounds (28.91%) in ex-situ CFP was achieved under optimal conditions. The continuous operation showed that Fe/Ce(0.3) remained highly active and there was little coke and carboxylates on the catalyst surface after 200 min.
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