Abstract
We report the catalytic effect of three ruthenocene bimetallic compounds derived from fused aromatic rings of general formula [{Cp*Ru}2L], with Cp*: pentamethylcyclopentadiene and L = pentalene (1), 2,6-diethyl-4,8-dimethyl-s-indacene (2), and 2,7-diethyl-as-indacene (3), on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The new compound 3 was characterized by a combination of multinuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of compound 3 shows a decrease in the decomposition temperature of AP to 347 ºC, increases the energy release to 2048 J g-1 and, consequently, leads to the lowest activation energy (42.9 kJ mol−1). These results are comparable to the typically used metallocene (catocene: 347 ºC and 2472 J g-1), suggesting a suitable and competitive alternative to be used as a modifier for composite solid propellants.
Highlights
Improving the combustion of ammonium perchlorate (AP), the most common oxidizer in the solid rocket propellant, is the key in energetic materials in the space race.[1]
Since the thermal degradation of AP has a close relationship with the combustion process of the composite solid propellant, the combustion effect of BR catalyst candidates on the combustion behavior of the composite solid propellants is usually assessed by its effect on the thermal degradation of AP
The catalytic performance of the compounds derived from pentalene, s-indacene, and as-indacene for the thermal decomposition of AP was investigated by adding the catalysts to AP (20 mm size) in 1, 3, and 5 wt.%
Summary
Improving the combustion of ammonium perchlorate (AP), the most common oxidizer in the solid rocket propellant, is the key in energetic materials in the space race.[1]. The catalytic performance of the compounds derived from pentalene, s-indacene, and as-indacene for the thermal decomposition of AP was investigated by adding the catalysts to AP (20 mm size) in 1, 3, and 5 wt.% (average sample mass = 2.430 mg). The AP’s high-temperature degradation (HTD) step (at 415 °C) was considerably affected by adding the catalysts derived from ruthenocene compounds.
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