Abstract
High acidic vacuum gas oil (VGO) decreases product quality and causes corrosions. To overcome these problems, catalytic esterification was utilized for the deacidification of VGO. A series of Al2O3-supported ZnO catalysts, undoped and doped with Fe2O3, were prepared and characterized. The results showed that both the ZnO/Al2O3 and the ZnO/Al2O3 doped with Fe2O3 had good deacidification effects with glycol for the 4th VGO. The deacidification rate reached 95.1% and 97.6%, respectively, under mild conditions (catalysts 2.5 wt%, glycol dosage 4.0 wt%, 250 °C and 1 h). The naphthenic acids were transferred into ester, which was proved by the Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).Reusability of the catalyst for the esterification reaction was also studied. It was found that the deacidification rate was still over 90% after six reruns.
Highlights
Worldwide, high total acid number (TAN) crude oil production has increased in recent years, leading to high total acid numbers (TANs) petroleum fractions, especially vacuum gas oil (VGO)
When the time was extended to 45 min and the calcination temperature was 400 ◦ C, typical diffraction peaks of calcination time was to 45 1a, minindicating and the the calcination waswith a°C, typical
Long-time it needed enough time for the decomposition of Zn(NO3)2 into ZnO, as well as the growth of the calcinations had no benefit for the ZnO crystal at high temperatures, and it led to a drop of diffraction crystal
Summary
High total acid number (TAN) crude oil production has increased in recent years, leading to high TAN petroleum fractions, especially vacuum gas oil (VGO). The NAs may cause serious equipment failures, lead to high maintenance costs, reduce product quality, and pose environmental disposal issues [1] For these reasons, the removal of intrinsic NAs from crude oil and petroleum fractions is of paramount necessity. Various techniques have been put forward to solve this difficult problem, such as a treatment using ionic liquids, catalytic esterification, catalytic decarboxylation, neutralization or caustic washing, thermal decomposition, physical adsorption, and solvent extraction [2].
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