Abstract
A series of ZrO 2 catalysts modified with sulfur compounds were prepared by treating Zr(OH) 4 with sulfate ion and by treating ZrO 2 with H 2S, CS 2, and SO 2 followed by oxidation. The redoxidized sulfur species on ZrO 2 and the oxidation state of sulfur were investigated by infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. It was found that the SO 2− 4 species in the highest oxidation state was responsible for enhancing the acidity and catalytic activity of the catalyst. There was a close relationship between the oxidation state of sulfur and the catalytic activity, when 1-butene isomerization was carried out as a test reaction. The surface properties of ZrO 2/SO 2− 4, such as specific surface area, phase transition temperature, crystalline structure, acidity and acid strength, were very different from those of ZrO 2 not modified with sulfur compounds.
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