Abstract
In this study, two different fillers were prepared from carbon-based ashes, produced from the wooden biomass of a pyro-gasification plant, and starting from lignocellulosic waste. The first type was obtained by dry ball-milling (DBA), while the second one was prepared by oxidation in H2O2 of the dry ball-milled ashes (oDBA). The characterization of the fillers included wide-angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD), thermogravimetric, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The DBA and oDBA fillers were then tested as possible catalysts for the crosslinking reaction of a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with a diamine. The cure reaction was studied by means of rheometry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The oDBA filler exhibits both a higher catalytic activity on the epoxide–amine reaction than the DBA sample and improved mechanical properties and glass transition temperature. The results obtained indicate, hence, the potential improvement brought by the addition of carbon-based waste ashes, which allow both increasing the flexural properties and the glass transition temperature of the epoxy resin and reducing the curing time, acting as a catalyst for the crosslinking reaction of the epoxy resin.
Highlights
Costruzioni Motori Diesel (CMD) developed a wooden biomass pyro-gasification plant, the CMD ECO 20, for the combined production of electrical and thermal energy via thermo-chemical decomposition or molecular dissociation of green wastes at high temperature, in complete absence or minimum quantities of oxygen
The epoxy diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) resin was purchased from Elantas Electrical
Two different types of fillers were produced from ashes: the first type was obtained by dry ball-milling of the ashes (DBA), while the second one included water-induced oxidation of the milled particles, according to the method described in Reference [28]
Summary
Costruzioni Motori Diesel (CMD) developed a wooden biomass pyro-gasification plant, the CMD ECO 20, for the combined production of electrical and thermal energy via thermo-chemical decomposition or molecular dissociation of green wastes at high temperature (from 600 to 1000 ◦ C), in complete absence or minimum quantities of oxygen This emerging technology improves the efficient use of energy and reduces the environmental impact, by containing the consumption of primary energy and emission of the associated greenhouse gas; in addition, it complies with social aims to decentralize the energy supplied in rural area [1,2]. The purpose of this study is to recycle carbon-based waste, produced from wooden biomass pyro-gasification, and to use those fillers as possible catalysts for the crosslinking reaction of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) resin with amines. Since the possibility to both reinforce and catalyze an epoxy resin by means of carbon-based waste ashes was not yet fully investigated, the biomass waste recycling for this application assumed a primary importance, allowing the reinforcement of the matrix, the decrease of the curing time of the epoxy resin, and the increase of the efficiency of waste management with the reduction of its negative effects on the environment and on the population
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
