Abstract
Ultrasonic cavitation can indirectly cause cellular bioeffects due to the production of toxic sonochemicals. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was exposed to 1.61-MHz ultrasonic cavitation at 20°C in a rotating-tube exposure system to build up sonochemical products. Single strand DNA breaks (SSBs) were then induced by treating Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with the cavitated PBS for 30 min on ice. This indirect effect could be explained by the action of cavitation-generated hydrogen peroxide (e.g., up to 16/μm after 30-min exposure) in the PBS. Adding catalase to the cavitated PBS before cell treatment eliminated the effect. Tests with hydrogen peroxide showed that 16 μm H2O2 treatment for 30 min on ice was as effective as 1 Gy of gamma rays in producing SSBs. The SSB effect of H2O2 was reduced by addition of the radical scavenger cysteamine to the cells before treatment. These results indicate that DNA effects from ultrasonic cavitation can occur indirectly without the highly destructive direct interaction of cells and cavities. [Supported by PHS Grant CA42947 awarded by the National Institutes of Health.]
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