Abstract
Incubation assay in trays was performed with two soils with different application histories of glyphosate: no application, and previous application. The soils used were Typic Argiudolls of Pergamino, province of Buenos Aires, and the treatments were: control (no application), and 20, 200 and 2000 mg of active ingredient per kg of soil. Sampling was performed at the beginning (T0) and 45 days after (T45). Catabolic response profiles (CRP), catabolic richness and catabolic uniformity were determined according to the methodology based on measuring the differences in respiration induced by substrate in a short time (4 hours). The substrates used in this study were 20, namely, two amines, 5 aminoacids, two carbohydrates, and 11 carboxylic acids. The objective of this work was to compare soils with different histories of application of glyphosate, measuring its effect on catabolic response profiles, catabolic uniformity and catabolic richness. In this study, no differences were observed between catabolic richness among the different sampling times and doses of glyphosate applied. Glyphosate application affected the structure of the soil microbial communities. At the end of the test, soils with all doses of previous herbicide application showed greater catabolic uniformity than soils without previous application.
Highlights
Concerns about long-term agricultural sustainability and the high environmental costs of conventional cropping practices have made imperative to develop soil and crop management practices that improve soil and environmental health [1].Soil ecosystems are highly complex, containing a tremendous amount of species
Catabolic response profiles (CRP) were determined according to the methodology proposed by Degens and Harris [9], which relies on measuring the differences in substrate-induced respiration in a short time (4 hours) to amino acid addition to the soil of carboxylic acids, carbohydrates and organic polymers
Catabolic response profiles for all treatments at baseline (T0) and 45 days of pollution (T45) are presented (Figure 1). In both sampling times all substrates were metabolized with no differences between treatments at both sampling times
Summary
Soil ecosystems are highly complex, containing a tremendous amount of species. Indigenous microbial populations in soil are of fundamental importance for ecosystem functioning, through determining nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition, energy flow [2], and the formation and stabilization of soil structure [1]. According to Zhou et al [3], the various physiological groups of microorganisms change with depth, and play an important role in soil formation. Crecchio et al [2] state that despite all attempts to measure fluxes and gross microbial pools, the soil and its microbiota still remain a black box. Most soil microorganisms are still unknown, while very few have been isolated, cultured and identified, and directly related to their function in agroecosystems
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