Abstract

In the recently celebrated tercentenary of Poltava, no figure stirred greater controversy than Ivan Mazepa. Traitor in the eyes of some, national hero for others, his legacy remains deeply contested. As the Northern War came to an end in 1721 ideologists on all sides, with eyes turned toward posterity, began to craft their own versions of Mazepa the man and the political actor. Prominent among them were Feofan Prokopovich, archbishop of Novgorod, and Pylyp Orlyk, the hetman of the Ukrainian forces in exile. Their respective views turn out to be surprisingly ambivalent and less at odds than might be expected.

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