Case Study Examines Safely Exceeding Buckling Loads in Long Horizontal Wells

Abstract

This article, written by Editorial Manager Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 163518, ’Safely Exceeding Buckling Loads in Long Horizontal Wells: Case Study in Shale Plays,’ by S. Menand, SPE, DrillScan, and D. C-K Chen, SPE, Hess, prepared for the 2013 SPE/IADC Drilling Conference and Exhibition, Amsterdam, 5-7 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed. The general industry perception is that, when drillings or casing strings exceed conventional helical-buckling criteria, they cannot be operated safely in the hole because the risk of failure or lockup is too high. However, some theoretical, experimental, and field case studies have shown that a tubular may be run in the hole even in a buckling state within safe limits. Introduction Buckling occurs when the compressive load in a tubular exceeds a critical value, beyond which the tubular is no longer stable and deforms into a sinusoidal or helical shape. Sinusoidal buckling corresponds to a tube that snaps into a sinusoidal shape, and it is sometimes called lateral buckling, snaking, or two-dimensional buckling. Helical buckling corresponds to a tube that snaps into a helical (spiral) shape. Recent studies have shown that the conventional sinusoidal- and helical-buckling criteria are accurate only in a perfect wellbore geometry because wellbore tortuosity and doglegs play a great role in the buckling phenomenon. An example is illustrated in Fig. 1, which shows that sinusoidal and helical buckling take place simultaneously despite the same compression; doglegs and tortuosity play an important role in the onset of buckling. Compression on the drillpipe is maximal when tripping in, running casing/liner, or performing slide drilling. Buckling may also occur when drilling with a rotary assembly with a large weight on bit (WOB). The critical helical-buckling load for a rotating pipe may be approximately 50% less than that obtained for a non-rotating pipe. The helical-buckling load is generally the load used in drillstring or casing design to define the limit upon which the tubular might be fully buckled, with the risk of getting stuck or with the risk of large bending stresses that may lead to failure. During well planning, if the compression in the drillstring exceeds the critical helical-buckling load, drilling engineers usually modify the drillstring design until this buckling does not occur. It is widely recognized that sinusoidal buckling is not harmful to a tubular, but helical buckling is generally perceived as a dangerous situation.