Abstract
This paper considered the design of a stand-alone PV system that would be adequate to power a single residence and estimate the appropriate size of the solar panel. This system converts solar energy directly into electricity using photovoltaic principle in PV panel arrays. The electricity produced can be used to power most ac and dc electrical appliances. Inverter is used to convert the dc generated by the PV panels to ac for most domestic and industrial use. For continuous availability of power during days of autonomy (low insolation or cloudy days), battery storage system and charge controller (for battery charge and discharge control) are required. inverter, charge controller, battery, components interconnection wires. The sizing processes considered the quality of solar irradiation of the geographical location, effect of temperature de-rating, efficiency of components, system voltage selection, days of autonomy and load demand (in watt-hour). A residence in Gaza town was chosen as a case study. The minimum electrical load of 7.875kWh per day, household, Finally excel program simulation was designed to satisfy calculation equations process and generalize the program.
Highlights
Harnessing solar energy to power electrical appliances starts by converting the energy from the sun to electricity
In the design of the capacity of the battery bank, it is necessary to consider some very important factors that determine the availability of power at all times, proper operation of the batteries, they include, the days of autonomy-days where there is little or no solar irradiation or cloudy days, allowable depth of discharge, possible battery loss, nominal system voltage of selected battery and estimated load energy in W-h [14]
The charge controller regulates the flow of electricity from the solar modules to the battery bank
Summary
The first task was to determine the system load. This load estimate is one of the key factors in the design and costing of the stand-alone PV system. The electrical loads available at the resident were profiled with their respective power ratings and average operation hours during the day noted to obtain the. The result of the analysis obtained was used to determine the proposed stand-alone photovoltaic system components sizes. A. Resident Electrical Demand The household is a medium size resident not requiring very large quantity of electrical energy.
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