Abstract
Hydrocarbon spills and management in the marine environment are of significant environmental and public health concern and the subject of many research projects. In freshwater environments the treatment and management of hydrocarbons from point and diffuse sources appears less well investigated. For hydrocarbon treatment technologies introduced into the European market, they must be tested and comply with the requirements of the European Standard EN BS858-1-2002. This Standard requires laboratory testing of full-scale models. Testing of several models of a hydrocarbon capture technology was performed in accordance with EN BS858-1:2002 at the HR Wallingford, United Kingdom (UK) and repeated at the University of South Australia (UniSA) laboratories. The results of the laboratory testing demonstrated compliance with the Standard’s Class 1 criteria of less than 5 mg/L of hydrocarbons in the effluent. Field testing of several installations of the hydrocarbon capture device in Australia has also confirmed outlet concentrations conforming to the Class 1 requirement of <5 mg/L hydrocarbons.
Highlights
Point-source hydrocarbon spills are a significant environmental concern worldwide, whether they are from deep sea drilling rigs such as the Deepwater Horizon, bulk transport shipping or local dumping [1,2,3]
This paper presents results of several case studies testing hydrocarbon capture for a separator technology that utilizes hydrodynamic separation and coalescing media on Stormwater and compares against the requirements of the Class 1 criteria from BS EN858.1-2002 [16]
The objective of the field testing is to evaluate the performance of the treatment train for Protocol—Ecology (TAPE) and the US Stormwater BMP Database protocols [21,22,23] and is tabulated removal of a range of typical, non-volatile, stormwater pollutants anticipated from the fuel station
Summary
Point-source hydrocarbon spills are a significant environmental concern worldwide, whether they are from deep sea drilling rigs such as the Deepwater Horizon, bulk transport shipping or local dumping [1,2,3]. Management measures vary from a blind sump to capture all runoff and spills for later removal by vacuum truck; to “soft” engineered systems such as bioretention areas; and engineered technologies relying on retention time and coalescing media [7,13]. Bench-scale laboratory testing of bioretention columns for hydrocarbon removal, at the University of Maryland, observed that a 3 cm mulch layer provided a removal efficiency of approximately 80% for simulated storms [13]. They indicate that the mulch is an essential ingredient in effective hydrocarbon removal. Testing has been undertaken in both laboratory and field installations across a number of different sites and model sizes
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