Case Series of the Antenatal and Early Postnatal Adnexal Torsion: Solved Mystery of Ovarian Absence?

Abstract

Background: Antenatal and early postnatal adnexal torsion are rare complications of fetal ovarian cysts that typically result in loss of the affected ovary. These cases may be undiagnosed and present as unilateral ovarian absence later in life. Here, “absence” may refer to instances of “true” embryological ovarian agenesis, or prior autoamputation leading to ovarian absence. The latter etiology likely accounts for the majority of cases. While cyst size has been demonstrated to be a risk factor for torsion, the contribution of other prenatal and maternal factors in predicting antenatal or early postnatal ovarian torsion remain unclear.