Abstract
The total number of COVID-19 positive cases in Latvia has escalated rapidly since October 2020, peaking in late December 2020 and early January 2021. Children generally develop COVID-19 more mildly than adults; however, it can be complicated by multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). This case study aims were to assess demographic characteristics and the underlying medical conditions, and clinical, investigative and treatment data among 13 MIS-C patients using electronic medical records. All 13 had acute illness or contact with someone who was COVID-19 positive two to six weeks before MIS-C onset. Only five of the 13 were symptomatic during the acute COVID-19 phase. The median age was 8.8 years; 11/13 patients were male, 10/13 had been previously healthy, and all 13 patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR or antibody testing. The most commonly involved organ systems were the gastrointestinal (13/13), hematologic (13/13), cardiovascular (13/13), skin and mucosa (13/13), and respiratory (12/13) ones. The median hospital stay was 13 (interquartile range, 11 to 18) days; 7/13 patients received intensive care, 6/13 oxygen support, and 5/13 received inotropic support. No deaths occurred. During the current pandemic, every child with a fever should have a clearly defined epidemiological history of COVID-19, a careful clinical assessment of possible multiple organ-system involvement, with a special focus on children with severe abdominal pain and/or skin and mucocutaneous lesions.
Highlights
Following the World Health Organization’s announcement on March 2020 that the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had reached the scale of a global pandemic, the Latvian government announced a national state of emergency on March to slow the spread of the disease in the country
In 2020, Latvia had a total population of 1.908 million and by March 2021 SARS-CoV-2 infection had been confirmed in 4.8% of the total population
The present study is a case series that includes all patients with a temporal relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection and other main diagnostic criteria of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) published by the US
Summary
Following the World Health Organization’s announcement on March 2020 that the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had reached the scale of a global pandemic, the Latvian government announced a national state of emergency on March to slow the spread of the disease in the country. In 2020, Latvia had a total population of 1.908 million and by March 2021 SARS-CoV-2 infection had been confirmed in 4.8% of the total population (90,997 individuals), of whom only 8.7% (7883) were children under 19 years of age [1]. Most of the children had a mild or moderate course of the disease and were treated at home, but 83 patients had more severe manifestations, necessitating hospitalization at Riga
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