Abstract
Abstract Falls from wheelchairs are common, particularly in persons with a spinal cord injury. Patients who experience falls frequently incur physical and psychological damages. The underlying causes of falls vary, although one of the most important themes is associated with poor balance. Factors that contribute to ineffective balance include poor trunk and abdominal muscle strength, inability to maintain static or dynamic trunk control, diminished sensation, improper equipment usage, muscle spasms, unsafe speed of mobilization, and lack of protective straps. The literature regarding fall prevention of pediatric patients with a spinal cord injury is very limited. Guidance is needed for this vulnerable population to prevent falls from wheelchairs. Instructions for wheelchair safety must be incorporated into patient and family caregiver education. Behavioral change theory provides a framework for this work. This article is intended to close the gap by discussing the incidence of falls, suggesting the provision of teaching self-management, and introducing suggestions for developing an interdisciplinary fall prevention program.
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