Abstract
similar: the left brachiocephalic is hypoplastic and contrast fills a large superior intercostal vein and the accessory hemiazygos and hemiazygos veins. There are several anastomotic channels with the azygos, but most of the contrast enters the IVC via a communication of the hemiazygos vein with the left renal vein. Collateral venous drainage, from the upper extremities, via the azygos and hemiazygos systems occurs most commonly with SVC obstruction. This is well seen at CT scanning and at venography. Hypoplasia of the left brachiocephalic vein is an unusual cause for collateral drainage via the hemiazygos system. Our case is even more unusual as it was identified during IVU.
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