Abstract
In this paper, fire caused by low-temperature ignition of wood was analyzed. The hourly change in wood characteristics caused by the radiant heat of a sheath heater was also studied. A sheath heater with a maximum heat output of 6 kW was installed in a cedar sauna room with dimensions of 120(W) × 100(D) × 185(H) cm<sup>3</sup>. Changes in the wood surface were monitored while decreasing the distance between the wood wall and the sheath heater from 10 to 5 cm. At a distance of 10 cm, the wood surface started to become discolored from amber to dark brown after approximately 32 h. At a distance of 5 cm, after approximately 56 h, the surface began to crack while being carbonized. At this time, the average temperature of the wood surface was ~120 °C. After 88 h, the temperature reached 644 °C and a fire started, generating white smoke. This study is important to the field of fire investigation owing to a lack of prior studies concerning the changes in the surface characteristics of wood upon sustained exposure to radiant heat.
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