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Abstract
Cascading failure plays an important role in blackouts. Complex network theory, with the disadvantage of ignoring some of physical features of the power systems, is often utilized to model the cascading failure evolution processes. In this paper, a new risk assessment method based on evolution procedure and dynamic fault trees (DFTs), is proposed to model cascading failures in power systems. DFTs, which extend standard fault tree by allowing the modeling of complex system components’ behaviors and interactions, are introduced to describe the cascading failure mathematical model. The power grid topologies affected by protective relays, circuit breakers and transmission lines are taken into consideration to overcome the disadvantages of complex network theory. The evolution of cascading failures of power system, which is modeled based on the DFT, is significantly closer to the actual physical system behavior. The effectiveness of the proposed risk assessment method is discussed using two test cases.
Highlights
Modern power systems are becoming more and more complex
Rui Hu et al.: Cascading Failure Risk Assessment Considering Protection System Hidden Failures relays distributed in power system prevent the equipment from damage
The line failure probability can be introduced by the minimal segmental sets algorithm, P1 = power flow (PF) ∪ (LT ∩ HU ∩wind speed (WS) ) = 0.3
Summary
Modern power systems are becoming more and more complex. Most electrical power infrastructures are exposed to severe weather, such as floods, intense heat, blizzards, ice storms, hurricane, or dust storms, et al, resulting in unexpected risks for power systems. Through modeling vulnerable components probability, consequence, and indices, risk analysis provides a more rational way than those determined and probabilistic methodologies. In the proposed vulnerability assessment methods, the status of power equipment is rarely taken into consideration, which could trigger cascading failures. The equipment online status should be contained in a fault chain to develop a more accurate cascading failure model. Rui Hu et al.: Cascading Failure Risk Assessment Considering Protection System Hidden Failures relays distributed in power system prevent the equipment from damage. There are usually several protection schemes to guarantee the system reliability, the behavior of power systems would be changed dramatically when hidden failure triggered. A DFT based method to deal with the fault chain evolution in cascading failures is proposed.
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