Abstract

Modern critical infrastructure, such as a water treatment plant, water distribution system, and power grid, are representative of Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs) in which the physical processes are monitored and controlled in real time. One source of complexity in such systems is due to the intra-system interactions and inter-dependencies. Consequently, these systems are a potential target for attackers. When one or more of these infrastructure are attacked, the connected systems may also be affected due to potential cascading effects. In this paper, we report a study to investigate the cascading effects of cyber-attacks on two interdependent critical infrastructure namely, a Secure water treatment plant (SWaT) and a Water Distribution System (WADI).

Highlights

  • Critical Infrastructure (CI) such as power grids, transportation networks, and water supply systems are considered vital to a nation’s economy and prosperity1

  • An invariant-based approach was used for attack detection

  • The experiments in this work showcase the impact of cascading effects on interconnected systems

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Summary

Introduction

Critical Infrastructure (CI) such as power grids, transportation networks, and water supply systems are considered vital to a nation’s economy and prosperity. In order to achieve real time monitoring and control, such systems couple computer control systems with the physical process. This coupling of physical and cyber systems forms a Cyber-Physical System (CPS). Such coupling often interjects vulnerabilities making it raising the possibility of damaging the physical system. A water treatment or a water distribution plant requires power to operate and is connected to a power distribution source. The year 2003 blackout in the United States and Canada

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