CARTOGRAPHIC IMAGE OF SAMOGITIA IN THE OLD MAPS OF LITHUANIA, POLAND AND OTHER NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES (1700–1939)

Viktoras Lukoševičius

doi:10.3846/20296991.2014.930255

Abstract

While continuing researches on ancient cartography (Lukoševičius 2014) the publication is aimed at viewing maps of Samogitia in the perspective of historical events, with a special emphasis on most important historical events as well as cartography development moments. The method used is analysis the most representitive examples of maps, by different authors, found in cartographical archives. The article presents the authors and designers over 60 maps where Samogitia is marked and discusses map characteristics. It also provides links that are helpful for the readers interested in a more detailed studies of specific maps. Such presentation should help revise and complete the historical image of Samogitia because the old maps were not specific to any one topic. They– the universal, they were reflected in both the natural and social phenomena and the evolution of patterns. It was also available and various historical comments. Often, the old maps are often associated with military needs. Summarizing research results the author conclude that presented ancient maps is important for the history of Lithuania cartography and are true historical witnesses helping to understand long and complicated formation process of Samogitia and the state of Lithuania; however the analysis alone is insufficient to fully reveal its historic concept.

Highlights

Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Lukoševičius, V. 2014, Cartographic image of Samogitia in the old maps of Lithuania, Poland and other neighboring countries (1700–1939), Geodesy and Cartography 40(2): 75–97
In the same year the entire left bank of the Nemunas starting with Baltstogė till Šakiai was attached to Prussia, while the other part, unofficially called Užnemunė by Lithuanians and Samogitians in the 19th century, was incorporated into Warsaw Duchy, which had been in existence for five years and depended on Napoleon’s France
The maps, dated the 18th century reflect the decline of the state of Lithuania and at the same time the decline of Samogitia which ended in the division of Lithuania- Poland and incorporation of Lithuania into the Russian Empire

Summary

The maps illustrating the history of Samogitia in the 18th century

Based in London from 1714 onwards, Bowen was highly regarded for producing some of the largest, most detailed, most accurate and most attractive maps of his era He is known to have worked with some of the most prominent cartographic names of the period including Herman Moll, John Owen, and Thomas Kitchin.

Maps of Samogitia in the period of first two Partitions

The maps illustrating the history of Samogitia in the 19th century

Reflection Cristianity of Samogitia on the maps

Reflection of historical Samogitia on the maps of nowdays creators

Conclusions