Abstract
The north of the Bermejo River, territory of Salta province, was zoned as categories I and II, according to the Law 7543 of Native Forest Territorial Planning. The Category II allows forest use or raising cattle under forests. The technologies involved in implanting pastures under silvopastoral systems meet the requirements of the Law and are being successfully implemented in sites with high forest and developed soils, but not in shrubland with low vegetation cover, where they quickly disappear. The aim of this work is to elaborate cartography of the Homogeneous Environmental Units (HEU) covering Semiarid Chaco Pilot Site (SPChSA) of the National Observatory of Land Degradation and Desertification (ONDTyD), grouped by criteria of vegetation and soils, as input for land use planning. A supervised classification of the study area was carried out using geographic information system (GIS) and sampling soil and vegetation. Six EHU were identified. Thematic mapping of the pilot site was prepared, and the area occupied by each unit was calculated as a contribution to current environmental legislation. It is reported that 30% of Category II is covered with shrublands that do not have the ability to maintain sustainable SSP in the long term, but are valuable for the functioning of the ecosystem. This is a warning of the need to properly map the areas that should be protected in the current zoning to avoid further degradation processes in the territory.
Highlights
Las Unidades Ambientales Homogéneas (UAH) que dividen un área constituyen recintos con cierta uniformidad interna en cuanto a sus caracteres bióticos y físicos
Superficie por tipo de cobertura y valores promedio de los indicadores de vegetación registrados en cada una de las clases de cobertura, discriminada según la nomenclatura de Land Cover Classification System - LCCS
Programa Nacional de Ecorregiones, INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Summary
El área de estudio cubre el Sitio Piloto Chaco Semiárido (SPChSA) del Observatorio Nacional de Degradación de Tierras y Desertificación (ONDTyD), ubicado al norte del río Bermejo, en el sudeste del departamento San Martin y el suroeste del departamento Rivadavia, de la provincia de Salta (23.3423 S ‘ 63.4318 O). Corresponde a uno de los 17 sitios del sistema nacional de evaluación y monitoreo de tierras del ONDTyD, creados con el objetivo proveer información relativa al estado, tendencias y riesgos de la degradación de tierras en la Argentina mediante el monitoreo de indicadores biofísicos y socioeconómicos (Therburg et al 2019). Son bosques bajos con dosel denso de 5 a 7 m y emergentes dispersos que alcanzan los 15 a 20 m de altura. En los suelos mal drenados con texturas arcillo-limosas, la vegetación corresponde a bosques bajos y arbustales con dosel denso de 3 a 6 m y emergentes dispersos de 10 a 16 m (Morello et al 2012)
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