Abstract
Asynchronized and non-uniform seed germination is causing obstacles to the large-scale cultivation of carrot (Daucus carota L.). In the present study, the combination of high voltage electrostatic field treatment (EF) with hydropriming (HYD), namely hydro-electro hybrid priming (HEHP), significantly improved all germination indicators of carrot seeds, and the promoting effect was superior to that of the HYD treatment. A tandem mass tags (TMT)-based proteomic analysis identified 4,936 proteins from the seeds, and the maximum number of differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) appeared between CK and HEHP. KEGG analysis revealed that the upregulated DAPs were mainly enriched in the pathways related to protein synthesis and degradation such as “ribosome” and “proteasome,” while the downregulated DAPs were mainly enriched in photosynthesis-related pathways. Furthermore, the maximum DAPs were annotated in carbohydrate metabolism. Some proteins identified as key enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle, the tricarboxylate cycle, glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway showed enhanced abundance in priming treatments. The activities of several key enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism were also enhanced by the priming treatments, especially the HEHP treatment. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that the effect of priming is mainly reflected before sowing. In conclusion, the optimal effect of HEHP is to regulate the synthesis and degradation of proteins in seeds to meet the requirements of germination and initiate the utilization of seed storage reserves and respiratory metabolism. The present work expanded the understanding of the response mechanism of carrot seed germination to priming and the biological effects of high voltage electrostatic field.
Highlights
Rapid and uniform germination is a crucial factor in determining field performance and crop yield, especially under the increasing uncertainty caused by global climatic change (Marcos-Filho, 2015; Finch-Savage and Bassel, 2016)
The tandem mass tags (TMT) isobaric labeling approach was applied to quantitatively analyze the proteome of carrot seeds, and through the analysis of differentially abundant proteins (DAPs), we focused our attention on the proteins involved in protein and carbohydrate metabolism
The seed priming treatments used in the current study substantially shortened the germination process and improved the germination performance of carrot seeds
Summary
Rapid and uniform germination is a crucial factor in determining field performance and crop yield, especially under the increasing uncertainty caused by global climatic change (Marcos-Filho, 2015; Finch-Savage and Bassel, 2016). Our group has developed a novel seed priming technology named hydro-electro hybrid priming (HEHP) by combining high voltage electrostatic field treatment (EF) and hydropriming (HYD). We applied this method to carrot seeds for the first time, which expanded the model of the presowing treatment of carrot seeds. Seeds after priming usually show excellent germination performance by reducing the imbibition time (Espanany et al, 2016; Zhao et al, 2020; Chakma et al, 2021). By applying EF treatment on the basis of HYD, HEHP achieves the goal of reducing the priming time, and this novel priming method has been successfully applied to onion seeds (Zhao et al, 2018)
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