Abstract
Inspired by excellent precision of carrier phase positioning, this paper presents a new carrier phase positioning technique for 5G new radio cellular networks with a focus on clock synchronization and integer ambiguity resolution. A carrier-phase based clock offset estimation method is first proposed to achieve precise clock synchronization among base stations, and proved to achieve the Cramér–Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) asymptotically. A fusion method is developed to fuse the estimated positions of a mobile station (MS) based on time-difference-of-arrival, with the estimated position changes based on the temporal changes of carrier phase measurements. While circumventing the integer ambiguities of the carrier phase measurements, the fusion method provides quality interim estimates of the MS positions, at which the measurements can be linearized to resolve the integer ambiguities. As a result, precise MS positions can be obtained based on the disambiguated carrier phase measurements. Numerical simulations show that the proposed carrier phase positioning can achieve a centimeter-level accuracy in wireless cellular networks.
Highlights
A S compared to earlier generations of cellular networks, reliable positioning techniques with sub-meter or even centimeter accuracies are anticipated in fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) systems and beyond [1] for new applications, such as Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) [2]–[4]
We proposed a new and accurate carrier phase positioning technique for 5G new radio cellular networks
The temporal changes of the CPDoA-based distance difference measurements were used to estimate the mobile station (MS) position changes at a centimeter-level accuracy, which are insusceptible to the inherent integer ambiguities of the carrier phase measurements
Summary
A S compared to earlier generations of cellular networks, reliable positioning techniques with sub-meter or even centimeter accuracies are anticipated in fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) systems and beyond [1] for new applications, such as Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) [2]–[4]. The integer ambiguity resolution process for real-time GNSS positioning needs either a baseline condition which requires reference stations to be placed nearby at known positions, or additional information generated by multiple carrier frequencies or joint measurements from multiple systems. A new carrier phase-based clock offset estimation method is proposed to achieve precise clock synchronization among BSs through wireless measurements, and proved to achieve the Cramer–Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) asymptotically. This paper is the first to provide a complete procedure of carrier phase positioning in wireless cellular networks with a focus on the challenging clock synchronization and integer ambiguity resolution.
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