Abstract
BackgroundThe assessment of Hospital-acquired infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria involves the use of a variety of commercial and laboratory-developed tests to detect antimicrobial resistance genes in bacterial pathogens; however, few are evaluated for use in low- and middle-income countries.MethodsWe used whole-genome sequencing, rapid commercial molecular tests, laboratory-developed tests and routine culture testing.ResultsWe identified the carriage of the metallo-β-lactamase blaVIM-2 and blaIMP-18 alleles in Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections among children in Costa Rica.ConclusionsThe blaIMP-18 allele is not present in the most frequently used commercial tests; thus, it is possible that the circulation of this resistance gene may be underdiagnosed in Costa Rica.
Highlights
The assessment of Hospital-acquired infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria involves the use of a variety of commercial and laboratory-developed tests to detect antimicrobial resistance genes in bacterial patho‐ gens; few are evaluated for use in low- and middle-income countries
To better understand Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) circulation in Costa Rica and compare detection methods, we studied P. aeruginosa isolated from pediatric patients with healthcare-associated infections (HAI) between late 2018 and 2020 using conventional phenotypic methods, rapid molecular test, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS)
A total of 32 P. aeruginosa isolates were analyzed using all of the following methods: conventional phenotypic methods, molecular tests, and whole-genome sequencing
Summary
The assessment of Hospital-acquired infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria involves the use of a variety of commercial and laboratory-developed tests to detect antimicrobial resistance genes in bacterial patho‐ gens; few are evaluated for use in low- and middle-income countries. The global increase of infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria remains a public health and sustainable development problem [1]. The global antimicrobial resistance surveillance system (GLASS) encourages healthcare authorities to increase laboratory capacity. To improve surveillance and diagnostic stewardship, GLASS recommends the implementation of rapid, accurate diagnostic testing for antibiotic resistance [2]. The methods for the detection of resistance mechanisms are diverse, Pérez‐Corrales et al Antimicrob Resist Infect Control (2021) 10:71 recently improved in this hospital with the implementation of a diagnostic stewardship program, which was established according to its needs and resources. To better understand CRPA circulation in Costa Rica and compare detection methods, we studied P. aeruginosa isolated from pediatric patients with HAI between late 2018 and 2020 using conventional phenotypic methods, rapid molecular test, and WGS
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