Carotid doppler evaluation in patients with ischemic stroke and its association with high risk factors

Abstract

Background: Strokes are the second largest cause of death and dementia and the leading cause of disability. With the rise of incidence in developing nation, primary and secondary prevention of strokes is of paramount importance. Carotid Doppler could be invaluable in achieving this, especially because its result can dictate future treatment plan. Objectives: Our study aims to highlight the importance of Carotid Doppler Sonography in this stroke prevention efforts as well as exploring how various risk factors may be associated with carotid Doppler findings. Materials and Methods: In this observational study, 46 patients with ischemic strokes were studied. Carotid Doppler was performed in all patients with emphasis on carotid artery stenosis and Intima thickening. Association of various risk factors was studied in detail. Results: Higher degree of stenosis was associated with hypoechoic plaques and cortical strokes. Hypertension was the most common and most significant risk factor. Multiple risk factors also appear to have synergistic actions. Conclusion: Various modifiable risk factors provide valuable target for primary and secondary prevention of stroke. Carotid Doppler is a very cheap and highly effective tool for further management of stroke patients. Even in asymptomatic patients, risk factors may warrant precautionary carotid Doppler, and may result in significant reduction in disease burden on the families and the community, and should be encouraged.