Abstract
Video data of highway traffic were used to study the effect of illumination, weather, and traffic density on the driver car-following behavior. A driving simulator was used to evaluate the effect of driver intention, gender, and experience on braking reaction time and following distance. The results show that the environmental factors influenence driver behavior mainly in congested traffic but not in free-flow traffic. Driver experience, gender and intention to pass all show some effects on car-following behavior. The distribution of driver reaction time fits a log-normal model. A safety evaluation procedure is proposed based on the obtained statistical distributions.
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