Careful dose modification of apatinib as third or further-line treatment in advanced gastric cancer patients with poor performance status.

Abstract

The retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of careful dose modification of apatinib as third or further-line treatment in advanced gastric cancer (aGC) patients with poor performance status (PS = 2 or 3).Patients with aGC of poor PS who had received at least 2 lines of chemotherapy were treated with apatinib at a dose of 250 mg initially and best supportive care (BSC). During the whole treatment, the dose of apatinib was adjusted according to the status of PS (group treatment). Meanwhile, patients of poor PS (PS = 2 or 3) with aGC who received BSC alone after second or further-line treatment in the recent 5 years in our institution have been investigated for their median overall survival (mOS) as control. Kaplan-Meier curve was adopted for the description of OS in the 2 groups. Univariate analysis was conducted with log-rank test between OS and the potential characteristics including gender, age, PS status, primary tumor lesion, Her-2 status, and previous lines of treatment. Toxicities were assessed with the criteria of National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI CTC) version 4.0.A total of 23 patients who received apatinib plus BSC treatment and 41 patients treated with BSC alone were reviewed in the present study. Median exposure time of apatinib was 2.4 months ranging from 0.2 to 5.1 months. The median OS in the group treatment was 4.3 months (95% CI, 2.735-5.865) comparing to the control as 2.1 months (95% CI, 1.473-2.727, P = .0004). In addition, PS status was shown as the only independently significant factor to influence the OS (P = .049). Fatigue (82.6%), appetite decrease (73.9%), and anemia (69.6%) appeared to be the most common adverse events at any grade during the therapy of apatinib.The outcomes of the present study revealed that therapeutic model of careful dose modification of apatinib therapy initiated with low dose plus BSC as third or further-line treatment might be more beneficial on survival time comparing to BSC alone in patients with aGC of poor PS, however, as well as apparent adverse events.