Care related to peripheral intravenous catheterism in pediatrics performed by nursing technicians.

Luciano Marques Dos Santos,Patrícia Kuerten Rocha,Taynara Bispo Conceição,Ariane Ferreira Machado Avelar,Cleonara Sousa Gomes E Silva,Sheilla Siedler Tavares

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0611

Abstract

to evaluate the care practice adopted by nursing technicians before, during and after peripheral intravenous catheterization performed in hospitalized children. cross-sectional and descriptive research, carried out in a pediatric hospital in Bahia through non-participatory observation of peripheral intravenous catheterizations performed in children by nursing technicians. Data was collected through an instrument containing care related to the moments before, during and after insertion of the catheter, calculating absolute and relative frequencies, measures of central tendency and dispersion. there were 31 nursing technicians, who performed care mainly before intravenous catheterization. Nonconformities were identified regarding hand hygiene, use of a disposable mask, selection of the catheter insertion site, antisepsis, stabilization and catheter coverage. most of the precautions observed regarding peripheral intravenous catheterization are not in accordance with the standards of practice recommended by the national and international literature.

Highlights

Peripheral intravenous catheterization (PIC) is performed in approximately 47.5% of hospitalized children for the infusion of drugs, solutions, blood products and nutrients(1-2)
To evaluate the care practice adopted by nursing technicians before, during and after peripheral intravenous catheterization performed in hospitalized children
During the period of data collection, all demands related to the PIC were met by nursing technicians

Summary

Introduction

Peripheral intravenous catheterization (PIC) is performed in approximately 47.5% of hospitalized children for the infusion of drugs, solutions, blood products and nutrients(1-2). Data from 4,206 children from 278 hospitals in 47 countries, spread across the five continents, demonstrate that there is a global inconsistency with respect to care during the use of PIC in this population, which can lead to the occurrence of adverse events(3) Many of these adverse events are related to failures during vein selection, insertion, stabilization and coverage of the catheter, which can compromise the safety of care and contribute to potential complications at the catheterization site, especially infiltration(2-6), extravasation(5-6), occlusion, phlebitis, infection(4-5) and accidental removal of the device(5). These resulting problems demand new catheter insertion attempts (sometimes without success), delay in the administration of prescribed intravenous therapy (IVT), damage to the vascular endothelium and emotional impact for the child, family and health professional, in addition to increased hospital costs and hospitalization time(7).

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Conclusion