Abstract
ABSTRACT The primary effects of oil contamination on seabirds include hypothermia, dehydration, gastrointestinal problems, pneumonias, and hemolytic anemia. Other direct effects include skin and corneal irritation as well as an impact on reproductive organs. Secondary problems related to prolonged captive husbandry include various infectious diseases, pododermatitis, joint swellings, and keel lesions. Current methods of prevention and treatment of these effects, including nutritional support, are presented.
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