Cardiovascular Risk Distribution in a Contemporary Polish Collective.

Anita Liput-Sikora,Magdalena Kamińska,Marzanna Stanisławska,Wiesława Fabian,Anna Fabian-Danielewska,Elżbieta Grochans,Anna Cybulska

doi:10.3390/ijerph17093306

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of selected risk factors for cardiovascular disease (hypertension, overweight, obesity, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, a positive family history, a lack of physical activity), and to estimate the risk of a cardiovascular incident according to the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) algorithm for patients aged 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55 years, included in a primary-care prevention program, with regard to selected variables (sex and age brackets). The study sample consisted of 2009 subjects, 63% of whom were women. The largest group was the group of 35-year-olds (27%). The research method was the analysis of medical documentation of primary-care patients living in West Pomerania included in the Program of Prevention and Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease of the National Health Fund. We collected data concerning risk factors for cardiovascular disease, blood pressure, anthropometric measurements (arm circumference, waist circumference, height, weight), body mass index (BMI), and the levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and fasting glucose, as well as the SCORE results. Men more often than women were overweight and obese, had hyperglycemia, and had elevated levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides (p < 0.001). There was also a statistically significant difference in the odds of a cardiovascular incident (p < 0.001)—the SCORE results obtained by men were higher. Men require special preventive measures in order to reduce their risk factors for cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, overweight, obesity, smoking, and a positive family history.

Highlights

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of social diseases that are the leading cause of death on a global scale; 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular diseases each year, with four out of five deaths due to strokes and myocardial infarctions [1,2]
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of selected risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and to estimate the risk of a cardiovascular incident ending in death within 10 years according to the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) algorithm for patients aged 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55 years, included in a primary care prevention program with regard to sex and age brackets (35–44 vs. 44–55 years)
The data concerning the incidence of selected risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the studied population revealed that almost half (49.5%) of the respondents had normal weight, 35.2% were overweight, and about 14% were obese

Summary

Introduction

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of social diseases that are the leading cause of death on a global scale; 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular diseases each year, with four out of five deaths due to strokes and myocardial infarctions [1,2]. In Poland, cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death for men over 45 and women over 70 years of age. Women die from cardiovascular disease more often than men, which, results from their older age structure. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 3306; doi:10.3390/ijerph17093306 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph

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