Cardiovascular responses to fiberoptic intubation: a comparison of orotracheal and nasotracheal intubation.

Abstract

We compared the cardiovascular responses between nasal and oral intubation with a fiberoptic bronchoscope under the combination of neuroleptic analgesia (NLA) and topical anesthesia. The 16 patients studied were divided into 2 groups: the nasal intubation group (N group: 8 patients) and the oral intubation group (O group: 8 patients). There were significant changes in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures in the N group and in the pressure rate quotient in the O group. Diastolic arterial pressure and heart rate were significantly higher in the N group than in the O group before induction of general anesthesia. The rate pressure product (RPP) was significantly higher in the N group than in the O group at some points during the procedure. The individual RPP in both groups was relatively stable except for one patient in the N group, who had a marked increase in RPP during the procedure. We conclude that, under the combination of NLA and topical anesthesia, the cardiovascular responses to oral fiberoptic intubation are less severe than those to the nasal approach. The oral approach is recommended, especially in patients with coronary artery disease, taking into consideration of the cardiovascular responses to fiberoptic intubation.