Abstract
Stress cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo syndrome) is a reversible syndrome stemming from myocardial injury leading to systolic dysfunction and is usually noted in the setting of a stressful event, be it an emotional or physical trigger. While the exact pathophysiology behind stress cardiomyopathy is yet unknown, there is ample evidence suggesting that neurocardiogenic mechanisms may play an important role. Although historically stress cardiomyopathy was generally thought to be a relatively benign condition, there is growing recognition of the cardiovascular complications associated with it despite its reversibility. Our review aims to shed light onto key cardiovascular imaging modalities used to diagnose stress cardiomyopathy while highlighting the role that imaging plays in assessing disease severity, identifying complications, dictating treatment approaches, and in short-term and long-term prognosis.
Highlights
Frontiers in Cardiovascular MedicineStress cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo syndrome) is a reversible syndrome stemming from myocardial injury leading to systolic dysfunction and is usually noted in the setting of a stressful event, be it an emotional or physical trigger
Takotsubo syndrome, known as stress cardiomyopathy, apical ballooning syndrome, or broken heart syndrome, is increasingly recognized as an important cause of acute reversible myocardial injury and acute systolic dysfunction [1]
The typical echocardiographic findings are characterized by the presence of a large area of dysfunctional myocardium which extends beyond one coronary artery territory
Summary
Stress cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo syndrome) is a reversible syndrome stemming from myocardial injury leading to systolic dysfunction and is usually noted in the setting of a stressful event, be it an emotional or physical trigger. While the exact pathophysiology behind stress cardiomyopathy is yet unknown, there is ample evidence suggesting that neurocardiogenic mechanisms may play an important role. Historically stress cardiomyopathy was generally thought to be a relatively benign condition, there is growing recognition of the cardiovascular complications associated with it despite its reversibility. Our review aims to shed light onto key cardiovascular imaging modalities used to diagnose stress cardiomyopathy while highlighting the role that imaging plays in assessing disease severity, identifying complications, dictating treatment approaches, and in short-term and long-term prognosis
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