Abstract
SHROB rats have been suggested as a model for metabolic syndrome (MetS) as a situation prior to the onset of CVD or type-2 diabetes, but information on descriptive biochemical parameters for this model is limited. Here, we extensively evaluate parameters related to CVD and oxidative stress (OS) in SHROB rats. SHROB rats were monitored for 15 weeks and compared to a control group of Wistar rats. Body weight was recorded weekly. At the end of the study, parameters related to CVD and OS were evaluated in plasma, urine and different organs. SHROB rats presented statistically significant differences from Wistar rats in CVD risk factors: total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, apoA1, apoB100, abdominal fat, insulin, blood pressure, C-reactive protein, ICAM-1 and PAI-1. In adipose tissue, liver and brain, the endogenous antioxidant systems were activated, yet there was no significant oxidative damage to lipids (MDA) or proteins (carbonylation). We conclude that SHROB rats present significant alterations in parameters related to inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, thrombotic activity, insulin resistance and OS measured in plasma as well as enhanced redox defence systems in vital organs that will be useful as markers of MetS and CVD for nutrition interventions.
Highlights
The combination of CVD risk factors known as metabolic syndrome (MetS) is becoming a major public health problem which affects 20%–30% of the adult population in developed countries [1]
Cardiovascular disease risk factors The spontaneously hypertensive obese rats (SHROB) rats were already obese at week 16, with a body weight twice that of the Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats (48369 g versus 22164 g)
While the WKY rats maintained a constant body weight up to week 27, the SHROB rats showed an increase from 476.8615.9 g at week 16 to 605.6619.5 g at week 27
Summary
The combination of CVD risk factors known as metabolic syndrome (MetS) is becoming a major public health problem which affects 20%–30% of the adult population in developed countries [1]. The factors defining MetS may lead to the onset of type-2 diabetes and CVD. This is the main reason why the study of the factors underlying MetS can be clinically useful. There is wide interest in the development of strategies for the prevention of MetS, mainly via two different approaches: a) pharmacology – based on the use of drugs such as certain statins or AMPK (59 adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) activating agents [5,6]; and b) nutrition–based on diet supplementation with functional compounds, e.g., proanthocyanidins [7] or iminosugars [8]
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