Abstract

Introduction: Evidence based programme to reduce fatal/non-fatal CVDs can be formulated using WHO/ISH risk prediction charts. Use of combined risk approach is effective in identification of individuals requiring intervention. Objective: To determine 10 year cardiovascular risk and prevalence of selected risk factors for CVDs among 40 years and older population in an urban field practice area of a medical college. Material and methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted with sample size of 116. Inclusion criteria was age >40 years and without CVDs. WHO/ISH risk charts were used. Pilot tested, structured, interview based questionnaire was administered followed by clinical examination to determine prevalence of selected CVD risk factors in the community. Results: Mean age was 56.23 + 10.6 years and majority (74.1%) were females. High 10 year risk of cardiovascular events, family history of CVDs, high BMI, increased risk of metabolic complications, abdominalobesity, hypertension and smoking was seen in 23%,33.6%,79.3%,44.8%,52.6%,56.9% and 10.3% respectively. Significant gender difference was seen in prevalence of smoking, physical inactivity, over weight, increased risk of metabolic complications, and abdominal obesity (p= 0.044, 0.036, 0.000, 0.000, and 0.001 respectively). Higher prevalence of Hypertension, Diabetes, abdominal obesity, overweight, and smoking was found in individuals at high 10 year risk of CVD event. Conclusion: The present study document high 10-year risk of cardiovascular events and prevalence of risk factors. Identification of individuals at high risk of CVDs is crucial to mitigate rapidly growing CVD burden in the country.

Highlights

  • Evidence based programme to reduce fatal/non-fatal Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) can be formulated using WHO/ISH risk prediction charts

  • High 10 year risk of cardiovascular events, family history of CVDs, high Body Mass Index (BMI), increased risk of metabolic complications, abdominal obesity, hypertension and smoking was seen in 23%, 33.6%, 79.3%, 44.8%, 52.6%, 56.9% and 10.3% respectively

  • Higher prevalence of Hypertension, Diabetes, abdominal obesity, overweight, and smoking was found in individuals at high 10 year risk of CVD event

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Summary

Introduction

Evidence based programme to reduce fatal/non-fatal CVDs can be formulated using WHO/ISH risk prediction charts. Higher prevalence of Hypertension, Diabetes, abdominal obesity, overweight, and smoking was found in individuals at high 10 year risk of CVD event. Rising CVD burden can be reduced in a costeffective manner through health interventions focusing on behavioral risk factors, screening for risk factors and instituting prompt management measures among apparently healthy individuals [1,3]. These measures can prevent premature deaths, loss of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) by alleviating CVD events [4]. Current CVD management guidelines recommend absolute risk assessment approach for promotive, preventive and curative services [2,5,6]

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