Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality among the diabetic population. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by early impairments in diastolic function, accompanied by the development of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The pathophysiology underlying diabetes-induced cardiac damage is complex and multifactorial, with elevated oxidative stress as a key contributor. The current evidence of molecular disturbances present in the diabetic heart, and their role in the development of diabetes-induced impairments in myocardial function and structure. This review aims to address the recent aspects of the relationships between diabetic cardiomyopathy and cardiovascular disease.
Highlights
Morbidity and mortality among people with diabetes mellitus are mostly triggered by premature Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) [1,2]
It is widely accepted that the diabetic heart is associated with Left Ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial interstitial fibrosis, increased apoptosis and upregulation of oxidative stress, the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy is complex and multifactorial [79]
This review explores the current understanding of diabetic cardiomyopathy, and existing research supporting an association between diabetes and cardiovascular disease
Summary
Morbidity and mortality among people with diabetes mellitus are mostly triggered by premature Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) [1,2]. An estimated 285 million adults globally were burdened by this chronic disease in 2010; this number is projected to increase to 439 million by 2030 [3]. At least 10.3 million Americans carry a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and 5.4 million are estimated to have undiagnosed diabetes. Factors that are recognized to be involved in the pathogenesis of DC include metabolic disorders, myocardial fibrosis, microvascular disease, autonomic disorders and Insulin Resistance (IR) [4]. It is widely accepted that the diabetic heart is associated with Left Ventricular (LV) diastolic (and often systolic) dysfunction, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial interstitial fibrosis, increased apoptosis and upregulation of oxidative stress, the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy is complex and multifactorial [79]. This review explores the current understanding of diabetic cardiomyopathy, and existing research supporting an association between diabetes and cardiovascular disease
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