Abstract
BackgroundIt is well known that atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with other allergic diseases. Recentely, links to diseases other than allergic disease have also been actively studied. Among them, the results of studies regarding AD comorbidities, especially cardiovascular disease (CVD), have varied from country to country.ObjectiveTo analyze whether the risk of CVD is different between AD patients and healthy controls using Korean National Health Insurance Data.MethodsWe obtained data from 2005 to 2016 from the Korean National Health Insurance Research Database. Patients with one AD code and two AD-related tests codes were selected as AD patients, and age-and sex-matched controls to the AD patients were selected from among those without AD (1:5). Each group was investigated for accompanying metabolic syndrome (which contains hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and hyperlipidemia) and CVD (angina, myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke) using ICD 10 codes.ResultsThe incidence of metabolic diseases and CVD were significantly different between the AD and control groups. Using multivariable Cox regression, differences were adjusted for sex, age, and other CVD and metabolic diseases. As a result, not only metabolic disease, but also the CVD risk of AD patients was significantly higher than that of the control group. Patients with AD had as significantly higher risk of hyperlipidemia (hazard ratio [HR] = 33.02, p < 0.001), hypertension (HR = 4.86, p < 0.001), and type 2 diabetes (HR = 2.96, p < 0.001). AD patients also had a higher risk of stroke (HR = 10.61, p < 0.001), myocardial infarction (HR = 9.43, p < 0.001), angina (HR = 5.99, p < 0.001), and peripheral vascular disease (HR = 2.46, p < 0.001). Besides hyperlipidemia, there was no difference in risk according to AD severity.ConclusionPatients with AD have a greater risk of CVD than those without AD.
Highlights
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory diseases in medicine, associated with a broad patient burden of skin lesions, pruritus, and both allergic and non-allergic comorbidities
AD patients had a higher risk of stroke (HR = 10.61, p < 0.001), myocardial infarction (HR = 9.43, p < 0.001), angina (HR = 5.99, p < 0.001), and peripheral vascular disease (HR = 2.46, p < 0.001)
In addition to allergic diseases, research has been conducted on the relationship between AD and other diseases such as depression, alopecia areata, inflammatory bowel disease, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome [2]
Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory diseases in medicine, associated with a broad patient burden of skin lesions, pruritus, and both allergic and non-allergic comorbidities. Jung et al Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol (2021) 17:94 indicates that AD is an inflammatory disease beyond the skin and could threaten one’s life. Regarding this comorbidity, there are some differing results on the pathogenesis depending on the country and study. There are some differing results on the pathogenesis depending on the country and study An explanation for these varying results may be that observational research is more difficult to interpret in contrast to laboratory-based studies because there is a tendency to use one data source and study design per study. The results of studies regarding AD comorbidities, especially cardiovascular disease (CVD), have varied from country to country
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