Abstract
Androgen deficiency has been receiving a lot of attention as an evolving health concern in the in-dustrialized world. With population aging, hypogonadism has become a challenging medical problem confronting practicing physicians. The importance of this increasingly prevalent disease arises from its potentially debilitating and serious consequences, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, metabolic disorders, muscular weakness, psychiatric illness, sexual dysfunction and vascular inflammation. When left untreated, testosterone deficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality.
Highlights
Testosterone (T) is the primary androgen in the human body and it is assayed as Total Testosterone (TT)
We briefly discuss testosterone physiology, hypogonadism and pharmacokinetics of different available testosterone formulations, we examine the evidence supporting the cardiovascular (CV) benefits that would ensue with each type of treatment by discussing effects on cardiovascular hemodynamics, metabolic parameters and systemic inflammatory markers
We will discuss several studies that investigated the effects of various types of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) such as Sustanon 100 mg, 1% transdermal gel combined with recombinant human growth hormone (HGH), transdermal testosterone and NEBIDO (Active Ingredient: DHEA Sulfate 50 mg, testosterone enanthate (TE) 250 mg and Testosterone Undecanoate (TU) 160 mg) on cardiovascular (CV) parameters
Summary
Testosterone (T) is the primary androgen in the human body and it is assayed as Total Testosterone (TT). Primary hypogonadism is a defect of the gonads, which results in low production of T. Serum levels of T can be affected in secondary hypogonadism, which results from decreased. T production naturally declines in men every year after the age of 35 [1]. This steady decline in T can affect sex-specific characteristics and subsequently influence quality of life, since androgenic hormones are primarily responsible for stimulating, controlling and maintaining the male’s sexual drive and spermatogenesis. We briefly discuss testosterone physiology, hypogonadism and pharmacokinetics of different available testosterone formulations, we examine the evidence supporting the cardiovascular (CV) benefits that would ensue with each type of treatment by discussing effects on cardiovascular hemodynamics, metabolic parameters and systemic inflammatory markers
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