Abstract
Aims: To determine the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular prognosis at 5 years of patients who underwent an ischemic stroke in Senegal. Methods: We performed a descriptive, retrospective and exhaustive study conducted at Principal Hospital of Dakar. We included all patients hospitalized at Principal Hospital of Dakar from 2013 to 2019 for an ischemic stroke confirmed by a cerebral CT-Scanner or by magnetic resonance imaging, and who survived the acute phase. Results: Overall, one hundred and seventy-one (171) patients were gathered. Ninety-six (96) male patients account for 56.14% and seventy-five (75) female patients account for 43.86%, with a sex ratio of 1.28. Patients’mean age was 66.33 ±13.99 years. Twenty-one (21) young patients (12.35%), aged less than 50 years, presented with an ischemic stroke. Myocardial infarction was found in a female patient (0.6%) 3 months after she experienced an ischemic stroke, nine (9) patients (5.29%) underwent a recurrence of the ischemic stroke with a mean recurrence period of 8 months and extremes ranging from 1 to 24 months. Five (5) patients (2.92%) developed dementia with a score less than 28. A 30 years old patient presented with epilepsy 12 months after the ischemic stroke accounting for 0.58%. We registered ninety (90) deaths that occurred in a mean period of 24 months ± 9.8 after they presented their ischemic stroke, standing for 52.63% amongst which thirty-five (35) accounting for 39% were female patients and fifty-five patients (55) representing 61% were male patients. Mortality-related factors included: advanced age, past medical history of heart surgery, known as dyslipidemia, physical inactivity, obesity and recurrent ischemic stroke. Conclusion: Long-term prognosis of ischemic stroke remains unclear in Senegal. Therefore, a strategy for primary prevention is highly crucial and it requires the control of risk factors in general and that of high blood pressure in particular.
Highlights
Ischemic Stroke (IS) includes Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA), subsequent stroke and cerebral venous thrombosis
Ninety-six (96) male patients account for 56.14% and seventy-five (75) female patients account for 43.86%, with a sex ratio of 1.28
Ninety-six (96) male patients account for 56.14% and seventy five (75) female patients account for 43.86%, with a sex-ratio of 1.28
Summary
Ischemic Stroke (IS) includes Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA), subsequent stroke and cerebral venous thrombosis. The prevalence of cerebral vascular events should increase in the upcoming years due to the aging of the world population and the rise of major risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking and obesity [2] [3]. Cerebralvascular Events (CVE) are well-known to be a major public health concern, the main cause of acquired disability in adults, the second cause of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease and the third cause of mortality in western countries after hearts diseases and cancers [2] [4] [5].
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