Abstract
Cardiotocographs (CTGs) are a form of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) used both in the antenatal period and during labour to provide a guide to fetal wellbeing. CTG traces are a continuous recording of fetal heart rate (FHR) combined with a recording of uterine activity. The basic principle of EFM is to detect developing fetal hypoxia with the aim of preventing subsequent acidaemia and cell damage.
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