Cardiorenal effects of lidocaine and procaine amide in the conscious dog.

Abstract

Simultaneous measurements of hemodynamics, arterioventricular (AV) conduction, and renal functioner were obtained in conscious dogs. Catheters were implanted for the long-term measurement of central aortic, right ventricular, and pulmonary artery pressure. AV conduction was assessed following surgical implantation of multipolar electrode plaques in the area of the bundle of His, as well as on the epicardium of the right and left atria and ventricles. Renal function was assessed utilizing standard techniques. Following control measurements, lidocaine, 1 mg/kg, or procaine amide, 10 mg/kg, was administered intravenously. Subsequently, serial measurements were obtained for a 90-min period. No significant changes in hemodynamics were observed following either drug. Procaine amide produced a significant increase in heart rate and a minimal increase in QRS duration associated with a decrease in low right atrial to His bundle conduction time. However, no significant changes in cardiac conduction were observed after lidocaine administration. Renal function was unaffected by lidocaine but significantly depressed by procaine amide, as demonstrated by a decrease in GFR and effective renal flow. In summary, acute administration of procaine amide significantly alters renal function in the conscious dog with minimal effects on AV conduction and hemodynamics.