Abstract
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of pre-treatment with taurine on rats in which MI had been induced using isoproterenol (ISO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats were randomly allocated into three groups<strong>;</strong> the 1st group is the normal control (C) one, the 2nd is the isoproterenol cardiotoxic (ISO) one and the 3rd group is the taurine pretreated (T-ISO) one.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The activities of the cardiac biomarker enzymes, AST, LDH, CK and CK-MB were elevated in the ISO-treated group. The membrane-bound Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+ </sup>and Ca<sup>2+ </sup>ATPase enzyme activities were decreased in the ISO-treated group. The lipid profile either in sera or cardiac tissues was increased in ISO-treated rats except for HDL-cholesterol and phospholipids. The cholesterol ester synthetase (CES) activity was elevated, while lecithin: Cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activities were decreased in the myocardial infarcted rats. In addition, the high level of the troponins I and T was an indication of cardiac necrosis. Pre-treatment with Taurine, however, ameliorated all of these changes, in addition to its effect in improving the oxidation process, as measured by lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase enzymes.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taurine showed amelioration effects on the changes in lipid profile, oxidative stress and myocardial infarction biomarkers and therefore, can be protected against cardiotoxicity.</p>
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the main cause of death in both developed and developing countries
Studies have shown that high levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and apolipoproteins A-I, and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are the risk factors of CVD [1]
Cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were decreased significantly in the ISOinduced cardiotoxic group compared to measurements of 18.80 nmol esterified cholesterol/100g tissue and 12.667 nmol FFA liberated/100g tissue in the taurine-treated group
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the main cause of death in both developed and developing countries. Studies have shown that high levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and apolipoproteins A-I, and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are the risk factors of CVD [1]. Of the many well-known model's isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial necrosis, this rat model has often been used to evaluate several cardiac dysfunctions. ISO causes stress in the myocardium and a severe increase in the levels of serum and myocardial lipids, and increases the level of LDL cholesterol in the blood, which in turn leads to coronary heart disease [2]. Peroxidation of endogenous lipids has been shown to be a major factor in the cardiotoxic action of isoproterenol. Reactive oxygen species may contribute to atherogenesis and lead to the progression of atherogenic lesions by promoting oxidation of LDL [3]
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