Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most prevalent cause of cardiovascular death. A possible way of preventing MI maybe by dietary supplements. The present study was thus designed to ascertain the cardio-protective effect of a formulated curcumin and nisin based poly lactic acid nanoparticle (CurNisNp) on isoproterenol (ISO) induced MI in guinea pigs. Animals were pretreated for 7 days as follows; Groups A and B animals were given 0.5 mL/kg of normal saline, group C metoprolol (2 mg/kg), groups D and E CurNisNp 10 and 21 mg/kg respectively (n = 5). MI was induced on the 7th day in groups B-E animals. On the 9th day electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded, blood samples and tissue biopsies were collected for analyses. Toxicity studies on CurNisNp were carried out. MI induction caused atrial fibrillation which was prevented by pretreatment of metoprolol or CurNisNp. MI induction was also associated with increased expressions of cardiac troponin I (CTnI) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) which were significantly reduced in guinea pig’s pretreated with metoprolol or CurNisNp (P < 0.05). The LC50 of CurNisNp was 3258.2 μg/mL. This study demonstrated that the formulated curcumin-nisin based nanoparticle confers a significant level of cardio-protection in the guinea pig and is nontoxic.
Highlights
Have proven beyond doubt that nutraceuticals provide protection against diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer without adverse side effects[7]
Nothing is yet to be known about the cardioprotective effect of nisin, its broad spectrum of activities and use in food and dairy products preservation makes it a candidate compound that could be combined with curcumin in a nanoparticulate formulation for improved delivery in the treatment of cardiac-related defects
The application of nanotechnology is of increasing interest in the formulation of nutraceuticals as this science provides grounds to improve supplements bioavailability, solubility, resistance to degradation by enzymes, improved blood circulation, reduced toxicity and limit their nonspecific uptake[26]
Summary
Have proven beyond doubt that nutraceuticals provide protection against diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer without adverse side effects[7]. The disease protecting ability of nutraceuticals is said to be due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anticancer properties[7]. The cardioprotective effect of curcumin against catecholamine-induced cardiotoxicity has been earlier reported[17] and involves its antioxidant properties[18]. Nothing is yet to be known about the cardioprotective effect of nisin, its broad spectrum of activities and use in food and dairy products preservation makes it a candidate compound that could be combined with curcumin in a nanoparticulate formulation for improved delivery in the treatment of cardiac-related defects. Despite the therapeutic uses of these compounds, they are commonly faced with problem of short half-life requiring frequent administration Their extreme instability may cause easy degradation which results in poor pharmacokinetics, low bioavailability and pharmacological activity[21]. The present study is designed to ascertain the cardioprotective effect of curcumin-nisin PLA encapsulated nanoparticles on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in guinea pigs
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