Abstract
IntroductionLeft ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction may be present in up to 30% of hypertensive children and adolescents at diagnosis, and even in those with casual blood pressure elevations without a definitive diagnosis of hypertension. ObjectiveTo identify the presence of hypertensive heart disease and its relationship with prehypertension and hypertension. MethodA descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in 385 prehypertensive adolescents and 128 adolescents with essential hypertension, aged 12-15 years, from among a total of 1,545 adolescents screened in the School Screening for High Blood Pressure in Adolescents Project (PESESCAD-HTA) from June, 2001 to January, 2002. An echocardiogram was performed in 513 adolescents (prehypertensive plus hypertensive). ResultsAmong prehypertensive and hypertensive adolescents, the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy was 6.49% (CI=4.43-9.41) and 21.09% (CI=14.92-58.95), respectively. In the sample of 513 individuals with prehypertension and hypertension, a decision tree was designed, using the chi square automatic interaction detector (CHAID) technique, with the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy as the dependent variable. ConclusionsThe best predictors of left ventricular hypertrophy were a family history of obesity, and its interaction with the age and the sex of the adolescent.
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