Abstract
The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is used to test vascular function and is an arterial stiffness marker and potential predictor of cardiovascular events. This study aimed to analyze the relation between objective indices of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) and the CAVI. One hundred sixty-six patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in this study. We used nerve conduction studies (NCSs) and the coefficient of variation of the R-R interval to evaluate DPN. We estimated arteriosclerosis by the CAVI. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were performed between neuropathy indices and the CAVI. In univariate analysis, the CAVI showed significant associations with sural sensory nerve conduction velocity and median F-wave conduction velocity. Multiple linear regression analysis for the CAVI showed that sural nerve conduction velocity and median F-wave conduction velocity were significant explanatory variables second only to age. In multiple linear regression analysis for sural nerve conduction velocity among neuropathy indices, the CAVI remained the most significant explanatory variable. In multiple linear regression analysis for median nerve F-wave conduction velocity among neuropathy indices, the CAVI remained the second most significant explanatory variable following HbA1c. These results suggest a close relationship between macroangiopathy and DPN.
Highlights
A pandemic increase in type 2 diabetes leads to high morbidity and mortality because of its complications
The rates of hypertension and dyslipidaemia were 48.2% and 73.5%, respectively. Those who had a habit of drinking, excluding chance drinkers, comprised 35.5% of the patients, but there were no alcohol addicts, leading to alcoholic neuropathy
Multiple linear regression of other neuropathies and risk factors of arteriosclerosis showed that the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) was significantly associated with sural sensory nerve conduction velocity and median F-wave conduction velocity (Table 3)
Summary
A pandemic increase in type 2 diabetes leads to high morbidity and mortality because of its complications. Macrovascular damage together with microvascular change causes ischemia and hypoxia in neural tissues because of disordered endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and stenosis [12, 13]. This leads to dysregulated cardiovascular autonomic function. Physiological assessment of arteriosclerosis, using pulse wave velocity (PWV) and intima-media thickness measurement of the carotid artery, is related to indices of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. These indices include the coefficient of variation
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