Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and coronary artery disease are the major causes of death in Palestine and in the world. Ischemic stroke and acute coronary syndrome have similar vascular risk factors and may evolve as a complication of the respective other disease. The prevalence of coronary artery disease has been reported in one fifth of stroke patients. high incidence rate of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after recent ischemic stroke and the high risk of acute ischemic stroke after recent myocardial infarction has been reported in several clinical or observational studies. Patients are at increased risk of ischemic stroke following recent myocardial infarction, and aggressive treatment of AMI, including use of reperfusion therapy, decreases the risk of AIS. For patients presenting with AIS in the setting of a recent MI, treatment with alteplase, an intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, can be given, but may be harmful in many conditions. It is important for clinicians to recognize that troponin elevations can occur in the setting of AIS as well as other clinical scenarios and that this may have implications for short- and long-term mortality. So that acute or recent problem in the heart or brain that could result in an acute infarction of the other. In this review we describe the definition and new classification of the cardio-cerebral infarction syndrome with 3 subtypes that reflect the definition, pathophysiology and treatment options.
Highlights
The incidence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after recent myocardial infarction (MI) during the hospital stay ranges from 0.7% to 2.2%. [1,2,3] AIS occurred more frequently in the first days after Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but incidence progressively decreased over time. [4,5] Brandi Witt et al, suggested that during hospitalization for MI 11.1 the AIS occurred per 1000 MI compared with 12.2 at one month and 21.4 at one year
Type I: concurrent cardio-cerebral infarction syndrome: acute myocardial infarction (< 12 hours) with acute ischemic stroke (
Type 2: Acute ischemic stroke (
Summary
The incidence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after recent myocardial infarction (MI) during the hospital stay ranges from 0.7% to 2.2%. [1,2,3] AIS occurred more frequently in the first days after Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but incidence progressively decreased over time. [4,5] Brandi Witt et al, suggested that during hospitalization for MI 11.1 the AIS occurred per 1000 MI compared with 12.2 at one month and 21.4 at one year. The incidence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after recent myocardial infarction (MI) during the hospital stay ranges from 0.7% to 2.2%. [1,2,3] AIS occurred more frequently in the first days after Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but incidence progressively decreased over time. The incidence of AMI after recent ischemic stroke was relatively low and unexpectedly highest during the first year after recent stroke. According to new trial the incidence of AMI patients who diagnosed acute ischemic stroke about 0.009%. [8] In this article we divided cardio-cerebral infarction syndrome into 3 types according to AIS or AMI diagnostic criteria, pathophysiology and treatment options according to recent clinical trials, metanalysis or case series. B) Describe the pathological findings in a patient with each subtype of cardio-cerebral infarction syndrome. C) Outline the treatment and management options available for patients with each subtype of cardiocerebral infarction syndrome
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