Abstract
Background and Aim:Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) causes huge economic losses in Egypt due to reductions in the production of red meat, milk, and milk by-products and can also lead to myocarditis in young animals. The aim of our study was to evaluate cardiac biomarkers, in particular cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and to reveal the relations of cardiac biomarkers with poor survival in FMD-infected Egyptian buffalo calves.Materials and Methods:Forty-two Egyptian buffalo calves were included in this study. The calves were divided into 12 apparently healthy control calves and 30 calves clinically diagnosed with FMD during a disease outbreak in Menofia and Behera Governorates, Egypt. The diseased calves were divided, according to age, into 13 calves <3 months old and 17 calves between 3 and 6 months old. The animals were examined clinically and subjected to analysis of cardiac biomarkers.Results:Biochemical analysis revealed significant elevations of cardiac biomarkers, especially creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in FMD-infected calves in comparison with control calves. There was a significant association between cTnI and poor survival in infected calves.Conclusion:Cardiac biomarkers could be used as a rapid method for diagnosis of myocarditis induced by FMD in Egyptian buffalo calves. In addition, cTnI is a very sensitive and accurate tool for determining myocardial cell damage in the earlier stages of the disease and a good predictor of poor survival in calves.
Highlights
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious vesicular disease affecting cloven-hoofed domestic and wild animals that are characterized by vesicles in the mouth and on the feet [1]
There was a significant association between cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and poor survival in infected calves
Cardiac biomarkers could be used as a rapid method for diagnosis of myocarditis induced by FMD in Egyptian buffalo calves
Summary
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious vesicular disease affecting cloven-hoofed domestic and wild animals that are characterized by vesicles in the mouth and on the feet [1]. FMD is caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) belonging to the genus Aphthovirus of the Picornaviridae family. FMD is one of the most economically important livestock diseases [3]. In calves, it is characterized by high mortality. Acute severe myocardial injury is the main cause of death in most young calves, without the appearance of the characteristic blister. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) causes huge economic losses in Egypt due to reductions in the production of red meat, milk, and milk by-products and can lead to myocarditis in young animals. The aim of our study was to evaluate cardiac biomarkers, in particular cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and to reveal the relations of cardiac biomarkers with poor survival in FMD-infected Egyptian buffalo calves
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