Abstract
Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) derived from myocardium has been widely explored as a nature scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering applications. Cardiac dECM offers many unique advantages such as preservation of organ-specific ECM microstructure and composition, demonstration of tissue-mimetic mechanical properties and retention of biochemical cues in favor of subsequent recellularization. However, current processes of dECM decellularization and recellularization still face many challenges including the need for balance between cell removal and extracellular matrix preservation, efficient recellularization of dECM for obtaining homogenous cell distribution, tailoring material properties of dECM for enhancing bioactivity and prevascularization of thick dECM. This review summarizes the recent progresses of using dECM scaffold for cardiac repair and discusses its major advantages and challenges for producing biomimetic cardiac patch.
Highlights
The decellularization strategies and their applications in regenerative medicine have been gradually explored since late 1940s
Conclusions and perspectives Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) derived from myocardium tissue has gained significant attention for cardiac repair and regeneration
The use of decellularization and recellularization strategies have enabled to produce cardiac dECM scaffold that mimic tissue properties (e.g. extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture, biochemical cues and mechanical integrity) similar to native heart which favors cell attachment, growth, infiltration and differentiation
Summary
The decellularization strategies and their applications in regenerative medicine have been gradually explored since late 1940s. Decellularization strategies have been used on tissue biopsies for isolation of tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) using various approaches including chemical treatments (e.g. acids and bases, detergents, alcohols), biological treatments (e.g. enzymes, chelating agents) and physical treatments (e.g. pressure, mechanical, freezing and thawing and electroporation) [3,4,5,6,7]. In 1995, decellularization research entered into another phase of development when Badylak et al reported the application of using decellularized porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) graft for Achilles tendon repair. When implanted in a dog model with an Achilles tendon defect, acellular porcine SIS graft has shown to accelerate the wound healing by forming new connective tissues [8].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
